Long-Distance Systemic Signaling and Communication in Plants by František Baluška

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Longman, Green & Co, Londonīraam J (2004) In touch: plant responses to mechanical stimuli. Biochim Biophys Acta 339:382–389īose JCH (1907) Plant response as a means of physiological investigation. Int Rev Cytol 257:43–82īlatt FJ (1974) Temperature dependence of the action potential in Nitella flexilis. Springer, Heidelbergīeilby MJ (2007) Action potential in charophytes. KeywordsĪdam G, Läuger P, Stark G (2009) Physikalische Chemie und Biophysik. In spite of this, positive proofs for the involvement of these kinds of electrical signaling in the induction of many different plant responses to (a)biotic stresses or in developmental processes still wait to be established. Meanwhile, all three types of electrical signaling have been shown for many common plants, monocots as well as dicots, indicating that the capability to generate long-distance electrical signals is not the exception but a general physiological feature of plants. For more than 100 years the AP is known and described for some specialized plants such as the Venus flytrap. Whereas both AP and VP are due to a transient depolarization of the plasma membrane, the SP is based on hyperpolarization. In higher plants at least three different types of electrical long-distance signaling exist: action potential (AP), variation potential (VP), and system potential (SP), all of which have their own characteristics concerning their generation, duration, amplitude, velocity, and propagation.

Long-Distance Systemic Signaling and Communication in Plants by František Baluška